Abdominal Pain

Adhesive Capsulitis

Back Pain

Cervical Facet Radiofrequency: This procedure uses heat from radio waves to treat painful facet joints in your neck. It eases pain that isn’t helped by medications or physical therapy. Preparation To begin, you lie on your stomach. You may be given medicine to relax you. We numb the skin and tissue of your neck. Next, we guide a tube called a “cannula” to your spine. A video x-ray device called a “fluoroscope” helps guide the tube to the medial branch nerves. 

These tiny nerves carry pain signals from your facet joints to your brain. Treating the nerves Now, we push an electrode through the cannula and down to these nerves. We test its position with a weak jolt of energy. If this recreates your pain, we know it’s in the right place. Then, we heat the nerves with radio waves. Heating them blocks their ability to carry pain signals. We may need to treat several nerves. End of procedure When it’s done, you get a small bandage on your skin. You’re watched in a recovery room for a brief time. Then, you can go home. You may feel sore, and you may still have neck pain. But you’ll gradually feel pain relief.

Cervical Radiculopathy: This condition is an irritation or compression of one or more nerve roots in the cervical spine. Because these nerves travel to the shoulders, arms, and hands, an injury in the cervical spine can cause symptoms in these areas. Cervical radiculopathy may result from a variety of problems with the bones and tissues of the cervical spinal column. 

One common cause is a herniated disc. A herniated disc is a rupture in the fibrous outer wall of a vertebral disc, which allows the soft nucleus of the disc to bulge outward. This bulge can press harmfully against a nerve root. Another common cause of nerve root injury is degenerative disc disease. It occurs when a spinal disc weakens, allowing vertebral bones above and below the disc to shift out of position. The bones can touch, pinching nearby nerve roots. When bones, discs, or joints of the spine degenerate, bony spurs may form and push into the spinal canal or foramen space. This is called spinal stenosis, and it can also create harmful pressure against the spinal cord or nerve roots.

Cluster Headaches: This neurological problem creates patterns of intense headaches called “clusters”. Most of the patients have experienced these headaches regularly over a period of weeks or months, sometimes the headaches may stop for months or years, and then return. Although doctors don’t know what causes cluster headaches. Smoking, alcohol use, specific foods, bright light and stress have all been named as possible triggers. However, when it comes to cluster headaches, triggers do not seem to play a large role. Symptoms for cluster headaches are often sharp, burning pain that often starts when you are sleeping.

 

The pain is felt around one eye, although the pain may radiate to other areas of your head. The attacks may last from 15 minutes to three hours. During a cluster period – when attacks are frequent – headaches may happen every day at regular times for weeks or months until the cluster period has finished. Although cluster headaches cannot be cured, treatment may relieve your symptoms and reduce the frequency of attacks. Breathing oxygen through a mask provides quick relief for many people. Medications such as corticosteroids, synthetic hormones, and pain relievers can be helpful. They may be given through IVs, nasal sprays, inhalers or injections.

Degenerative Disc Disease

Disc Hernia

Epidural Lysis of Adhesions: Epidural Lysis of Adhesions (Lysis) is an Interventional Pain Management technique. Lysis was developed as a means of removing epidural scarring leading directly or indirectly to compression, inflammation, swelling, or a decreased nutritional supply of nerve roots. It utilizes a number of modalities in the effort to break up epidural scarring, including the use of a spring-wound catheter, placement of the catheter in the ventrolateral aspect of the epidural space at the site of the exiting nerve root, and the use of high volumes of injectate, including local anesthetics and saline, either hypertonic or isotonic, along with steroids. 

Lysis is a minimally invasive procedure that may provide relief for patients suffering chronic pain as a result of conditions such as failed back surgery, stenosis, radiculopathy, epidural adhesions, and/or disc disruption. Typically, additional surgery is not effective in relieving pain after previous surgery. An added benefit to the Lysis procedure is the lack of serious complications in the aging population.

Epidural Steroid Injection (ESI) in the Cervical Spine: An epidural steroid injection is a medical procedure commonly used to relieve pain and inflammation in the spine, particularly in the areas around the spinal nerves. This procedure is often performed by pain management specialists, anesthesiologists, or radiologists.

Here’s how the process works:

Anatomy and Pain Source: The spine is made up of vertebrae, and between each vertebra are intervertebral discs and spinal nerves. When these nerves become irritated or compressed due to conditions like herniated discs, spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal), or other spinal disorders, they can cause significant pain, tingling, or numbness.

Procedure Preparation: Before the epidural steroid injection, the doctor will perform a thorough evaluation of the patient’s medical history and may order imaging studies like X-rays or MRI scans to identify the source of the pain.

Positioning and Anesthesia: During the procedure, the patient is usually positioned lying face down or on their side. The skin and underlying tissue at the injection site are numbed with a local anesthetic to minimize discomfort during the procedure.

Needle Placement: Using fluoroscopy (real-time X-ray guidance) for precise visualization, a thin needle is guided into the epidural space, which is the area around the spinal nerves and the protective covering called the dura mater.

Injection: Once the needle is correctly positioned, a mixture of a corticosteroid (a powerful anti-inflammatory medication) and a local anesthetic (numbing medication) is injected into the epidural space. The corticosteroid helps reduce inflammation and suppresses the immune response, while the anesthetic provides immediate pain relief.

Pain Relief and Monitoring: Patients often experience relief from pain and inflammation within a few days after the injection, though the response can vary. Some patients may need more than one injection to achieve sustained relief. The doctor will provide guidance on follow-up care and potential limitations on physical activity after the procedure.

Risks and Considerations: While epidural steroid injections are generally safe, they do carry some risks, such as infection, bleeding, nerve damage, or allergic reactions to the injected medications. Additionally, the benefits of the injection may vary from person to person, and it may not provide a permanent solution. Other treatment options, such as physical therapy or surgery, may be considered based on the patient’s condition.

Epidural steroid injections can offer effective short- to medium-term relief for individuals experiencing spinal pain and inflammation. However, it’s important for patients to discuss potential benefits, risks, and alternatives with their healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure. The decision to pursue an epidural steroid injection should be based on a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s specific medical situation.

Facet Joint Injection: A facet joint injection is a medical procedure used to diagnose and treat pain originating from the facet joints in the spine. Facet joints are small joints located between the vertebrae that provide stability and allow for movement in the spine. These injections are commonly performed by pain management specialists, radiologists, or anesthesiologists.

Here’s a breakdown of the procedure:

Anatomy and Pain Source: The facet joints are located on the back of the spine and have nerves, known as medial branches, that transmit pain signals from these joints to the brain. Conditions such as arthritis, injury, or degeneration can cause inflammation and pain in the facet joints and the surrounding areas.

Diagnosis and Localization: A facet joint injection is often used as both a diagnostic tool and a treatment option. Before the injection, a healthcare provider may conduct a thorough assessment and review imaging studies like X-rays or MRI scans to pinpoint the suspected source of pain.

Preparation and Positioning: The patient is positioned either face down or on their side. The skin and underlying tissue are numbed with a local anesthetic to minimize discomfort during the procedure.

Needle Placement: Using fluoroscopy (real-time X-ray guidance), a thin needle is accurately guided to the target facet joint or the nearby area. Fluoroscopy ensures precise needle placement and minimizes the risk of complications.

Injection: Once the needle is correctly positioned, a mixture of a local anesthetic (numbing medication) and a corticosteroid (anti-inflammatory medication) is injected into the facet joint or the surrounding tissue. The local anesthetic provides immediate pain relief, while the corticosteroid helps reduce inflammation and provide longer-lasting relief.

Observation and Pain Relief Assessment: The patient is monitored for a short period after the injection to assess their response. If the patient experiences significant pain relief, it suggests that the facet joint or its surrounding area was likely the source of their pain.

Subsequent Treatment: If the facet joint injection confirms that the facet joint is the source of pain, additional injections or alternative treatments, such as radiofrequency ablation, may be considered for longer-term pain relief.

Risks and Benefits: Facet joint injections are generally safe when performed by qualified medical professionals. However, as with any medical procedure, there are potential risks, including infection, bleeding, nerve damage, or allergic reactions to the injected medications. Patients should discuss potential benefits, risks, and alternatives with their healthcare provider before proceeding with the injection.

Facet joint injections can provide diagnostic information and temporary pain relief, and they may be part of a comprehensive pain management plan for individuals experiencing spine-related pain. The effectiveness of the procedure may vary depending on individual factors and the underlying cause of the pain.

Facet Joint Syndrome: Facet joint syndrome, also known as facet joint arthritis or simply facet arthropathy, is a medical condition that affects the facet joints in the spine. To understand facet joint syndrome at a college level, let’s break down the key concepts:

Anatomy of the Spine:

The spine is composed of vertebrae stacked on top of each other.

Between each pair of vertebrae, there are facet joints on both sides. These joints help connect the vertebrae and allow for movement.

Facet Joints:

Facet joints are small, paired joints located on the back of the spine.

They contribute to the flexibility and stability of the spine, enabling movements such as bending and twisting.

Function of Facet Joints:

Facet joints facilitate smooth and controlled movements of the spine.

They also help distribute the weight of the body and provide stability.

Facet Joint Syndrome:

Facet joint syndrome occurs when the facet joints degenerate or undergo wear and tear.

This degeneration can result from aging, repetitive stress, injury, or other factors.

As the facet joints deteriorate, the protective cartilage on the joint surfaces may wear away, causing friction between the bones.

Symptoms:

Individuals with facet joint syndrome may experience pain and stiffness in the affected area of the spine.

The pain is often localized to the lower back or neck, depending on which part of the spine is affected.

Activities that involve bending, twisting, or extending the spine can exacerbate the pain.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies (such as X-rays or MRI) to assess the condition of the facet joints.

Treatment:

Treatment options for facet joint syndrome may include:

Medications to manage pain and inflammation.

Physical therapy to improve flexibility and strengthen supporting muscles.

Injections of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.

Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a healthy weight and engaging in low-impact exercises.

In some cases, surgery may be considered for severe or persistent symptoms.

In summary, facet joint syndrome is a condition involving the degeneration of the facet joints in the spine, leading to pain and reduced mobility. It is often managed through a combination of conservative treatments and, in more severe cases, surgical intervention. Understanding the anatomy of the spine and the role of facet joints helps contextualize the impact of this syndrome on spinal function.

 

Frozen Shoulder

Genicular Nerve Ablation: Nerve ablation, also known as neurotomy or rhizotomy, is a medical procedure performed to alleviate chronic pain by disrupting the transmission of pain signals along specific nerves. This procedure is typically considered when other conservative treatments, such as medications or physical therapy, have not provided sufficient relief.

Here’s a simplified explanation for a college student:

Purpose: The main goal of nerve ablation is to reduce or eliminate chronic pain by interrupting the communication between certain nerves and the brain.

Procedure: During the procedure, a healthcare professional uses various techniques to disrupt the function of a targeted nerve or nerves. Common methods include radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or chemical injection.

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA): In this technique, a needle is inserted near the nerve, and a special device generates a high-frequency electrical current. This current creates heat, which is used to disable the targeted nerve and block pain signals.

Chemical Ablation: Instead of using heat, a chemical substance (such as alcohol or phenol) can be injected near the nerve. This chemical disrupts the nerve function, achieving a similar result.

Targeted Nerves: The specific nerves chosen for ablation depend on the location and nature of the pain. It’s important to note that the procedure is usually performed on sensory nerves responsible for transmitting pain signals rather than on motor nerves controlling muscle movement.

Pain Relief: By interrupting the pain signals, nerve ablation can provide relief from chronic pain. However, it’s important to manage expectations, as the effectiveness of the procedure varies among individuals.

Recovery: Nerve ablation is generally considered a minimally invasive procedure. Patients often experience some soreness or discomfort at the injection site for a short period. Recovery time is relatively quick, and many people can resume their normal activities within a short period.

Considerations: While nerve ablation can be effective for managing chronic pain, it’s essential for patients to discuss potential risks and benefits with their healthcare provider. Like any medical procedure, nerve ablation is not without risks, and its suitability depends on the individual’s specific condition.

It’s crucial for individuals considering this procedure to have a thorough discussion with their healthcare team to understand the potential benefits and risks based on their unique circumstances.

Genicular Nerve Block: A nerve block is a medical procedure used to manage pain. It involves injecting a local anesthetic, sometimes along with other medications, near specific nerves to block or dampen pain signals from reaching the brain. Here’s a simplified breakdown:

Local Anesthetic: Think of a local anesthetic as a numbing medication. It’s the kind of thing a dentist might use to numb your mouth before a procedure, but in a nerve block, it’s used in a more targeted way.

Nerves and Pain Signals: Our body has a complex network of nerves that carry signals, including pain signals, to and from the brain. When you experience pain, it’s because these signals are traveling along the nerves to your brain, telling it that something hurts.

Targeted Area: A nerve block is done in a specific area of the body where you’re experiencing pain. It could be in your arm, leg, or another part of your body.

Injection: The anesthetic is injected near the nerves responsible for carrying pain signals from that specific area. This can be done using a needle or catheter.

Blocking Pain Signals: Once the anesthetic is near the nerves, it interferes with the transmission of pain signals. It essentially “blocks” these signals from reaching the brain. So, even though something might be happening in that area (like a surgery or an injury), your brain doesn’t receive the pain messages.

Temporary Relief: It’s important to note that nerve blocks provide temporary relief. The duration can vary, but it’s not a permanent solution. It’s often used for acute pain management, like during surgery, or for chronic pain conditions.

Different Types: There are various types of nerve blocks depending on the location and purpose. For example, an epidural is a type of nerve block often used during childbirth to numb the lower part of the body.

In summary, a nerve block is like putting a temporary pause button on pain signals for a specific part of your body, providing relief during medical procedures or managing certain types of pain.

Headaches

Herniated Disc

Intrathecal Pump Implant: An intrathecal pump relieves chronic pain. It uses small amounts of medicine applied directly to the intrathecal space (the area surrounding the spinal cord) to prevent pain signals from being perceived by the brain. Pump candidates include people for whom conservative treatments have failed and surgery is not likely to help. After local anesthetic is administered, a catheter is inserted through a needle or small incision into the intrathecal space. This catheter is connected to a temporary pump. It will be used for several days to determine if the system will help the patient. If the pain decreases during the trial period, a permanent system may be implanted. The second procedure is usually performed while the patient is under general anesthesia. 

The temporary catheter is removed and, through a needle or incision, a permanent catheter is implanted. The pump is implanted under the skin, usually in the abdomen. The catheter is then connected to the pump. The pump’s battery may last three to five years, after which a new pump is implanted. The amount of medication dispensed by the pump is programmed with an external unit. Regular visits to the doctor are needed to refill the pump. After surgery, patients may experience mild discomfort and swelling at the incision sites for several days. Over time, the catheter may move or become damaged from strenuous activity and require repositioning or replacement.

Learn More: https://youtu.be/ToUIXF8dNmc 

Juvenile Dermatostits

Knee Injuries

Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow): This condition, commonly called tennis elbow, is an inflammation of the tendons that connect the muscles of the forearm to the elbow. The pain is primarily felt at the lateral epicondyle. Lateral epicondylitis involves the extensor muscles, and the extensor tendons, which attach the muscles to the lateral epicondyle. Causes include specific repetitive motions of the wrist and arm. 

This stress causes tiny tears to develop in one or more extensor tendons. This condition typically causes pain and tenderness that is most prominent on the lateral epicondyle. It may radiate along the forearm and wrist. The grip of the hand may feel weak. It is common in persons who play racquet sports, but certain jobs can also raise a person’s risk. Affected occupations plumbers, painters, carpenters. Treatment options may include rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medications and stretching exercises. A physician may recommend an arm brace or wrist splint and physical therapy or massage therapy. Steroid injections or PRP injections may also provide relief.

Living with Chronic Pain: If you have pain that lasts for more than six months, you have “chronic” pain. It’s different from the temporary pain you feel when you hurt yourself. With chronic pain, you may not know why you are hurting. Your pain may affect your whole body and your mind, causing problems that ripple through every part of your life. But there is hope. Here are some tips to help you manage chronic pain. First, follow all of your doctor’s recommendations.

Medications, physical therapy and even surgery can help. So listen to your doctor’s advice. Follow through with your appointments. Take medications as directed, and speak up if your care plan isn’t working. Stay as active and as healthy as possible. Eat a healthy diet, get plenty of sleep and exercise a safe amount every day. When you’re active, your body releases endorphins. These are natural chemicals that help you feel good. Often, taking care of your body is not enough. 

Physical and emotional pain are strongly linked. So take care of your mind, too. One of the best things you can do is reduce your stress. Minimize things that cause stress in your life. Hand some things off to other people. Learn to say no. If you still feel stress, try breathing exercises, meditation or other relaxation techniques. Take care of your emotional well-being. Reach out to others, especially to friends and loved ones who understand your situation. Maybe you can find a hobby that lets you see your friends regularly. If you feel lost, lonely or overwhelmed, find a local support group or talk to a professional therapist. Stay engaged, and think positively. This will help distract you from your pain. If you take an active role in your care and follow your doctor’s advice, you can learn to manage chronic pain and take back your life.

Living with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: If you’re dealing with CRPS, you know how frustrating it can be. You hurt, and you don’t know why. You feel like you should have healed by now, and no one can tell you why you aren’t getting better. Although there’s no cure for CRPS, there are things you can do to get some relief. 

Take an active role in your care First, take an active role in your care. Schedule regular checkups. Develop a good relationship with your doctor. Ask questions when you don’t understand something. Make sure to follow your doctor’s advice. If your doctor prescribes medications for you, take them as directed. Focus on health Focus on your health. Eat nutritious meals. Your doctor may recommend a diet designed to combat inflammation in your body. And if your doctor says it’s OK, get regular exercise. 

Beat stress Work on lowering your stress level. Things like yoga, meditation and deep-breathing exercises can help your mind focus on something other than pain. Therapy If your CRPS is making it hard for you to manage daily tasks, physical and occupational therapy may help. You may even benefit from a service dog. Stay positive Finally, stay positive. It’s important that you don’t lose hope. So reach out to others. Maintain connections with your loved ones and friends. These relationships help provide a support system for you. A support group may be helpful, too. And if you’re depressed, tell someone. Talk to your doctor so you can get the treatment you need. Conclusion If you take an active role in your care and follow your doctor’s advice, you can learn to manage your symptoms and take back your life.

Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injection: This injection procedure is performed to relieve low back and radiating leg pain. Steroid medication can reduce the swelling and inflammation caused by spinal conditions. The patient lies face down. A cushion under the stomach area provides comfort and flexes the back. In this position, the spine opens and allows for easier access to the epidural space. 

A local anesthetic is used to numb the skin. All the tissue down to the surface of the lamina portion of the lumbar vertebra bone is anesthetized. The physician slides a thicker needle through the anesthetized track. Using a fluoroscope for guidance, the physician slides the needle toward the epidural space between the L-4 and L-5 vertebra. A contrast solution is injected. The physician uses the fluoroscope to confirm the correct location of the needle tip. A steroid-anesthetics mix is injected into the epidural space, bathing the painful nerve root with soothing medication. 

The needle is removed, and a small bandage is applied to cover the tiny needle surface wound. In some cases, it may be necessary to repeat the procedure as many as three times to get the full benefit of the medication. Many patients get significant relief from only one or two injections.

  

Lumbar Radiculopathy (Sciatica): This condition is an irritation or compression of one or more nerve roots in the lumbar spine. Because these nerves travel to the hips, buttocks, legs and feet, an injury in the lumbar spine can cause symptoms in these areas. Sciatica may result from a variety of problems with the bones and tissues of the lumbar spinal column.

Causes (Herniated Disc): One common cause is a herniated disc. A herniated disc is a rupture in the fibrous outer wall of a vertebral disc, which allows the soft nucleus of the disc to bulge outward. This bulge can press harmfully against a nerve root.

Causes (Degenerative Disc Disease): Another common cause of nerve root injury is degenerative disc disease. It occurs when a spinal disc weakens, allowing vertebral bones above and below the disc to shift out of position. The bones can touch, pinching nearby nerve roots.

Causes (Spinal Stenosis): When bones, discs or joints of the spine degenerate, bony spurs may form and push into the spinal canal or foramen space. This is called spinal stenosis, and it can also create harmful pressure against the nerve roots.

Medial Branch Block: Imagine your body is like a complex machine with lots of parts. One of the parts is your spine, which is like the central support beam. Along the sides of this beam, there are little branches called nerves that spread out and control different parts of your body.

Now, sometimes, these nerves can cause pain, especially if they’re not working properly. This is where a medial branch block comes in. It’s like a temporary switch that doctors can use to figure out which nerve is causing the trouble.

Here’s how it works:

Finding the Problem Nerve: Imagine your spine is a row of streetlights, and each light represents a different nerve. If one light (or nerve) is causing pain, the doctor wants to figure out which one it is.

The Medial Branch Block: The doctor injects a tiny bit of medicine near the nerves suspected of causing the pain. It’s like giving those specific streetlights a little break or turning them off for a short time.

Checking for Relief: If the pain goes away, it’s like noticing that the streetlight isn’t bothering you when it’s turned off. This helps the doctor pinpoint which nerve is causing the problem.

Next Steps: Once the doctor figures out which nerve is causing the pain, they can plan the best way to fix it. It’s like finding the broken bulb in a string of lights so you can replace it and get the whole string working again.

So, in simple terms, a medial branch block is a tool that doctors use to identify and temporarily ease the pain caused by specific nerves near your spine. It helps them figure out where the problem is so they can come up with the best plan to fix it.

 

Migraines: A migraine is an intense, throbbing headache that may be accompanied by nausea or dizziness. A migraine can last from hours to days. Causes Much about migraines isn’t understood. Many researchers believe that a migraine can be caused by a change in hormone levels in the brain. Migraines can be triggered by stress, bright lights and certain smells. 

They can also be caused by medications, and by getting too little or too much sleep. Certain foods may trigger migraines. These include alcohol, aged cheeses, chocolate, and foods containing aspartame or MSG (monosodium glutamate). Symptoms A typical migraine results in moderate to severe pain. This pain is often felt on only one side of the head. The pain may interfere with a person’s activities. 

Symptoms may also include nausea and sensitivity to light and sound. Some people see sparkling flashes of light, spots, or dazzling lines before a migraine. These are called “visual auras.” Treatment Migraines may be treated with pain-relieving medications and with rest in a darkened room. People who experience migraines regularly may also take medications such as beta-blockers or antihistamines. These can reduce the frequency and severity of headaches.

Learn More: https://youtu.be/59KgIKsPSvQ 

Neck Pain

Neuropathic Pain

Osteoarthritis

Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy: Platelet rich plasma therapy can help injured joints and other problems. It uses parts of your own blood to reduce pain and speed up healing. PRP may help if you have: meniscus tears in your knee. Rotator cuff tears in your shoulder. Plantar fasciitis in your foot. And injuries in your spine, hip or elbow. Parts of your body have a hard time healing. 

For example, ligaments and tendons (they connect bones and muscles) don’t get much blood from the body. Sprains and strains of these tissues heal slowly. PRP uses your own blood to speed up the healing in these areas. The process begins with a sample of your blood. It is spun around in a centrifuge. This separates it into platelets, plasma, and red and white blood cells. The platelets are then concentrated and mixed with some of the plasma. This mixture is called “platelet rich plasma.” The doctor injects this into the site of your injury.

After the injection, your immune system (the system that keeps your body healthy) reacts quickly. Special white blood cells called “macrophages” rush in. They take away damaged cells. They help prep the site for healing. Then, stem cells and other cells begin to multiply. Over time, they repair and rebuild the injured tissues. The PRP process is quick. You can go home the same day. It may help your injury heal faster. PRP can help treat and eliminate the cause of your pain. Some people need more than one treatment before they heal completely.

 

PRP for Chronic Back Pain: If you have back pain, platelet-rich plasma therapy may help. It uses parts of your own blood to help your body heal itself. PRP can help your back feel better and work better. The process begins with a sample of your blood. It is spun around in a centrifuge. This separates it into platelets, plasma, and red and white blood cells. The platelets are then concentrated and mixed with some of the plasma. This mixture is called “platelet-rich plasma.”

The doctor injects this into your damaged tissues. Your immune system (the system that keeps your body healthy) reacts quickly. Special white blood cells called “macrophages” rush in. They take away damaged cells. They help prep the site for healing. Then, stem cells and other cells begin to multiply. Over time, they repair and rebuild damaged tissues. After the injection, you can go home. You may need to come back for more injections as you heal.

PRP Therapy for Chronic Knee Pain

PRP Therapy for Whiplash

Radiofrequency Neurotomy of the Lumbar Facet: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a medical procedure used to treat certain medical conditions by using high-frequency electrical currents to generate heat and destroy targeted tissue. It is commonly used in the field of interventional radiology and minimally invasive surgery.

Here’s how the process works:

Principle of Heat Generation: Radiofrequency ablation utilizes the principle of converting radiofrequency energy into heat. This heat is then applied to a specific area of tissue to achieve therapeutic effects.

Procedure: During an RFA procedure, a specialized device called a radiofrequency electrode or probe is inserted into the body through a small incision or guided by imaging techniques such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. The electrode is carefully positioned within or near the target tissue that needs to be treated.

Heat Application: Once the electrode is correctly positioned, radiofrequency energy is applied through the electrode. This energy generates heat, which heats up the surrounding tissue. The heat causes localized cellular damage and ultimately destroys the tissue by creating coagulation necrosis.

Monitoring and Precision: To ensure the safety and accuracy of the procedure, various monitoring techniques are used, such as real-time imaging, temperature sensors, and impedance monitoring. These tools help medical professionals precisely control the extent of tissue destruction and minimize damage to adjacent healthy tissue.

Applications: Radiofrequency ablation has a wide range of medical applications. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as:

Cancer: RFA can be used to treat certain types of tumors, particularly in the liver, lung, kidney, and bone. It is often chosen for patients who are not candidates for surgical removal.

Pain Management: RFA can also be used to treat chronic pain conditions, particularly those related to the spine. By targeting specific nerves responsible for pain transmission, RFA can provide relief to patients suffering from conditions like chronic back pain or arthritis.

Cardiac Arrhythmias: RFA is used to treat certain types of cardiac arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms) by ablating small areas of the heart tissue responsible for causing the abnormal electrical signals.

Advantages: One of the main advantages of RFA is its minimally invasive nature. It often allows for shorter recovery times, reduced risks, and lower overall patient discomfort compared to traditional open surgical procedures.

It’s important to note that RFA is typically performed by trained medical professionals, such as interventional radiologists or surgeons, who have expertise in using imaging techniques to guide the procedure and ensure its success. The specific details of the procedure can vary based on the medical condition being treated and the patient’s individual circumstances.

Sacroiliac Joint Steroid Injection: This injection procedure is performed to relieve pain caused by arthritis in the sacroiliac joint where the spine and hip bone meet. The steroid medication can reduce swelling and inflammation in the joint. The patient lies face down. A cushion is placed under the stomach for comfort and to arch the back. The physician uses touch and a fluoroscope to find the sacroiliac joint. A local anesthetic numbs the skin and all the tissue down to the surface of the sacroiliac joint. 

The physician advances a needle through the anesthetized track and into the sacroiliac joint. A steroid-anesthetics mix is injected into the sacroiliac joint, bathing the painful area in medication. The needle is removed, and a small bandage is used to cover the tiny surface wound.

Learn More: https://youtu.be/4GSBmcw592s 

Subacromial Injection

Superion Interspinous Spacer: This is an implant that improves a condition called Spinal Stenosis in the lower back. Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the space around your spinal nerves and spinal cord. The procedure is done under direct live X-ray visualization with high accuracy and safety. Only a small inch- long incision is usually made. Therefore, recovery time is quick and the patient can return ti high levels of function within a few weeks. This technique can delay or prevent further more invasive spine surgeries. 

The implant is placed between the spinous processes of your vertebrae. Those are the bony protrusions at the rear of your spine. The implant expands, pushing apart your vertebrae and locking securely into position in your spine. This relieves pressure on your nerves and spinal cord. When the procedure is done, the incision is closed and your skin is covered with a small bandage. You will be monitored for a brief time, and then you can go home. Your healthcare provider will give you tips to help your recovery.

There is significant research to support it’s efficacy over more traditional surgeries

Stellate Ganglion Block: A stellate ganglion nerve block is an injection that numbs branches of nerves in your neck. This helps doctors find and treat a number of problems linked to the nerves. Treatment may require a series of injections. The stellate ganglion nerves travel along both sides of your spine. They are associated with a wide range of bodily functions that you don’t consciously control. These include blushing, heart rate, sweating, and the dilation of your pupils. In preparation for the procedure, you lie on your back. 

You are given medicine to make you feel relaxed. The skin and tissue of your neck is numbed. The physician inserts a needle and carefully guides it to the nerves of the stellate ganglion. The physician typically uses an x-ray device called a “fluoroscope.” This shows a video image of the needle’s position. Contrast dye may be injected to help confirm that the needle is placed correctly. Next, the physician injects medicine. It bathes the nerves. It can numb the nerves and reduce inflammation. If these nerves have been a source of pain, the medicine can relieve it. 

The injection may also provide other benefits, depending on your needs. When the procedure is complete, the needle is removed and the injection site is covered with a bandage. You will be monitored for a brief time before you are allowed to go home. After a stellate ganglion block, many people experience some noticeable temporary effects. The arm on the side where you were given the injection may feel warm and tingly. Your voice may be hoarse. You may have nasal congestion, a flushed face and a droopy eye. These effects are normal, and they usually disappear after a few hours. You may need to return for more injections in the future.

Stem Cell for Shoulder Pain: If you have tendons or ligaments that have become inflamed, stem cell therapy may help you. It uses your body’s own stem cells to help heal shoulder damage. It may help you avoid surgery. Stem cells are found in your bone marrow and in fat. For this procedure, your doctor uses a special needle to take a small number of bone marrow cells or fat tissue. Morrow is commonly taken from the bone of your hip, shin or heel. Fat tissue is often taken from the abdomen or buttocks. The sample is processed to collect stem cells. Then the doctor injects them into your shoulder. The injection triggers your body’s healing response. The stem cells help repair soft tissues. They can help decrease inflammation. After the procedure, you can go home. Your doctor will ask you to come back to the office several times to monitor the healing process.

Thoracic Epidural Steroid Injection: This procedure is an injection performed to relieve pain in the upper back. The back is cleaned and sterilized, and a local anesthetic is administered to numb the tissue of the injection site. The physician uses an x-ray device called a fluoroscope to guide a needle down to the vertebra that is causing the pain. The needle is carefully pushed into the epidural space, a contrast solution is then injected to identify the needle’s position. The physician injects an anesthetic mix into the epidural space, covering the painful areas with soothing medication. This mixture will help reduce inflammation and reduce pain. 

The needle is then removed, and the injection site may be covered with a small bandage. Patients can expect extended pain relief usually within three to five days after the injection. Many patients get significant relief from only one or two injections.

Trigger Point Injections: Trigger point injection (TPI) is a medical procedure used to treat painful areas of muscle that contain trigger points. Trigger points are tight bands or knots of muscle fibers that can form in response to overuse, injury, or stress. These points can be a source of pain and can also cause referred pain, meaning the pain is felt in a different part of the body than where the trigger point is located.

Identification of Trigger Points:

Trigger points are identified through physical examination and patient history. They are often found in palpable knots or tight bands within the muscles.

Patients may experience localized pain, tenderness, and restricted range of motion in the affected muscle.

Purpose of Trigger Point Injections:

TPI is performed to alleviate pain and discomfort associated with trigger points.

The injection typically includes a local anesthetic, such as lidocaine or bupivacaine, and may include a corticosteroid to reduce inflammation.

Preparation for the Procedure:

The patient is positioned in a way that allows easy access to the identified trigger point.

The skin over the trigger point is cleaned with an antiseptic solution to minimize the risk of infection.

The Injection Procedure:

A healthcare provider, often a physician or nurse, uses a thin needle to inject the anesthetic and, if necessary, a corticosteroid directly into the trigger point.

The injection helps to break the cycle of muscle spasms and pain associated with the trigger point.

Post-Injection Care:

Patients are monitored for immediate adverse reactions.

It’s common for patients to experience some relief shortly after the injection due to the anesthetic, and more sustained relief may come from the corticosteroid’s anti-inflammatory effects.

Follow-Up and Rehabilitation:

Patients may be advised to perform stretching exercises and physical therapy to prevent the recurrence of trigger points.

Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to assess the effectiveness of the injection and determine if additional treatments are necessary.

Potential Risks and Side Effects:

While trigger point injections are generally safe, there may be some risks, such as infection, bleeding, or allergic reactions.

Patients with certain medical conditions or taking specific medications may need to discuss potential risks with their healthcare provider.

In summary, trigger point injection is a medical procedure designed to alleviate pain associated with muscle trigger points. It involves the precise injection of anesthetic and sometimes a corticosteroid into the affected muscle, aiming to break the pain cycle and promote healing. The procedure is commonly used in the management of musculoskeletal pain and is often part of a comprehensive treatment plan for patients experiencing chronic pain related to trigger points.

Vascular Pain

Vertebroplasty: Vertebroplasty is a medical procedure commonly used to treat compression fractures in the spine, particularly in the vertebrae. Compression fractures can occur due to conditions such as osteoporosis, tumors, or trauma. Here’s a simplified explanation for a college student:

What is Vertebroplasty?

Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive surgical procedure aimed at stabilizing and relieving pain caused by vertebral compression fractures. These fractures often result in the collapse of the vertebral body, causing pain and potential deformity in the spine.

Procedure Steps:

Diagnosis: The first step involves diagnosing the compression fracture through imaging techniques like X-rays or MRI scans.

Preparation: The patient is usually positioned on their stomach or side. The skin over the affected area is cleaned and numbed using local anesthesia.

Needle Insertion: A hollow needle is then carefully inserted into the fractured vertebra under the guidance of imaging equipment, such as fluoroscopy. Fluoroscopy provides real-time X-ray images to ensure precise needle placement.

Bone Cement Injection: Once the needle is in the correct position, a special medical-grade cement (usually a type of acrylic) is injected into the fractured vertebra. This cement hardens quickly, stabilizing the bone and providing support.

Recovery: After the cement is injected, the needle is removed, and the patient is observed for a short period. Recovery time is generally quick, and many patients experience pain relief soon after the procedure.

Purpose:

The primary goal of vertebroplasty is to reduce pain and improve the structural integrity of the affected vertebra. By stabilizing the fractured bone, the procedure can help restore vertebral height, relieve pain, and enhance overall spine function.

Advantages:

Minimally Invasive: Vertebroplasty is considered a minimally invasive procedure, as it doesn’t require large incisions.

Rapid Pain Relief: Many patients experience immediate pain relief after the procedure.

Improved Function: Stabilizing the fractured vertebra can enhance the patient’s ability to move and perform daily activities.

Considerations:

While vertebroplasty is generally safe and effective, like any medical procedure, it has potential risks and complications. It’s essential for healthcare providers to carefully assess each patient’s condition and determine the most appropriate treatment plan.

In summary, vertebroplasty is a medical intervention designed to treat compression fractures in the spine by stabilizing the affected vertebrae with the injection of bone cement.

Whiplash: If you have whiplash, platelet-rich plasma therapy may help. It uses natural growth factors from your own blood to help your body heal itself. PRP can help your neck feel better and function better. A small volume of your blood is taken from a vein. It is spun in a high-speed centrifuge. This separates it into platelets, plasma, and red and white blood cells. The platelets are then concentrated and mixed with some of the plasma. This solution is the “platelet-rich plasma.” The doctor injects this solution into your damaged and inflamed tissues. Over time, this mixture increases the ability of your body to repair and rebuild damaged tissues

X-Ray Guided Procedures